The Roots of Reference
SKU: 30118409576

The Roots of Reference

Sale price$20.62 Regular price$22.91
Save 10%

Shipping Estimate
USA
  • USA
  • CAN

Ships within 48 hours · Estimated delivery Jul 7 - Jul 12

Promo Codes Available:

For Your Every Summer RSVP, with Code: SUMMER15

Description

The Roots of Reference"Our only channel of information about the world is the impact of external forces on our sensory surfaces. So says science itself. There is no clairvoyance. How, then, can we have parlayed this meager sensory input into a full blown scientific theory of the world? This is itself a scientific question. The pursuit of it, with free use of scientific theory, is what I call naturalized epistemology. The Roots of Reference falls within that domain. Its

"Our only channel of information about the world is the impact of external forces on our sensory surfaces. So says science itself. There is no clairvoyance. How, then, can we have parlayed this meager sensory input into a full-blown scientific theory of the world? This is itself a scientific question. The pursuit of it, with free use of scientific theory, is what I call naturalized epistemology. The Roots of Reference falls within that domain. Its more specific concern, within that domain, is reference to concrete and abstract objects: what such reference consists in, and how we achieve it.

"Part I is a statement of general psychological presumptions regarding perception and learning. The underlying notions of cause and disposition are examined in a philosophical spirit. In Part II those considerations are brought to bear more particularly on the learning of language.

"Part II comes firmly to grips with the nature of reification and reference. The process is inseparable from language, and unequivocally identifiable only to the degree that the language resembles ours in certain structural respects. Stages of reification are sorted out, rudimentary to full-fledged. The full phase is heralded by the use of the relative clause with its relative pronoun and subsidiary pronouns. It is these pronouns that recur in logical notation as the bound variables of quantification.

"Part III concludes with a conjectural sketch of the development of reification in the race and the individual. Especial attention is directed to the positing of abstract objects: properties, classes, numbers. It is traced in large part to the serendipity of fruitful confusions. Truth, after all, can issue fromfallacious proofs; to condemn the outcome for its fallacious origin is simply to add the genetic fallacy to what had gone before. Let us count our blessings."

Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Open Court
Published: 09/28/1999
ISBN: 9780812691016
Pages: 168
Weight: 0.59lbs
Size: 8.96h x 5.99w x 0.51d

Shipping Notes
  • Free Standard Shipping on $100+ Orders to the USA.
  • Except Preorder products are shipped in 48 hours.
  • Delivery to the USA:
  1. Standard Shipping : 3-10 business days
  • If time is of the essence, please consider selecting expedited delivery for faster service.
Exchange/Return Notes
  • We offer a 30-day return/exchange service after receiving.
  • Final sale items are not eligible for returns or exchanges.
  • To process your return/exchange, please contact us at [email protected]
  • Please click here for more details>>> Return & Exchange Policy
SKU: 30118409576

Discover Niche Categories That Outsell

Top-Converting Item to Boost Your Average Order

4.2 ★★★★★
Based on 1519 reviews
Sort
Highest Rating
Newest First
Oldest First
Product Reviews
S
Verified Purchase
ShainaKatt
Louisville, US
★★★★★ 5
Dogs love them
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Our dogs love these. What’s great is that you can add more plastic (like from water bottles) if the plastic starts to fall out from the center. If you have a chewer, though, these won’t last you long. Our shepherd mix loves these and then starts to pull the rubber apart the more she plays with it. Our other dogs treat it normally, though, and those ones last forever. They also get some decent height when bounced, and they make a unique whistling noise when thrown.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on November 17, 2025
W
Verified Purchase
waragon
Lowell, US
★★★★★ 4
Our pup loves the cronch cronch!
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 1)
I bought our 15 month old Coton several Chuck-It toys on an Amazon deal. He is incredibly playful, mischievous, and ball/toy obsessed, especially for anything that makes noise. He can also be very destructive so I love how durable most of their products are - they’re among our longest lasting toys and worth every penny. We have yet to take them to the dog park, but they’re a perfect size for sharing in play time. And they are keeping him busy at home - that’s a good thing. He loves investigating the crunchy-cronchy-crinkly sound which is a nice change from squeakers. It can withstand his destructive chewing well-being, gentle on his little teeth. I love that. Chuck-It is thinking outside the box with a variety of balls to keep dogs engaged! I do worry about the crinkle plastic inside because it is accessible because of the air holes and it feels a little sharp. So this will have to be an at home toy so we can monitor his play.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on May 28, 2026
M
Verified Purchase
Mystical Lady
Natrona Heights, US
★★★★★ 5
Great products all around
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Any of these balls are great! My dogs love all of them. The squeaky ones are their favorite!
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on March 12, 2026
R
Verified Purchase
Raquel
Pawtucket, US
★★★★★ 5
My dog loves it!
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 1)
This crunch ball was a Christmas gift for my 65lbs fur baby. It’s now mid April and he still loves it. He loves running after it and chomping down on it. It is still in good shape despite all the chomping it’s gotta . I highly recommend. He goes back to this toy agin and again! Great buy.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on April 15, 2026
H
Verified Purchase
HalfTrac
Fort Morgan, US
★★★★★ 5
Our first babies favorite and longest lasting ball yet and he is fixing to be 7.
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2), Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Toughest ball we have found yet. Our doberman loves Chuckit! Balls especially the crunch one. He spreads all the balls and toys we have bought but these lasted the longest. The crunch and the glow in the dark are usually his pick but he has several different choices.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2026

recommand products